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	<title>编译点滴 &#187; 龙芯</title>
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		<title>GCC即将支持龙芯3A</title>
		<link>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/09/19/11208/</link>
		<comments>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/09/19/11208/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Sep 2010 05:07:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>erlv</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[后端优化与处理器]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[编译技术]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gcc]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[龙芯]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[龙芯3A]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lingcc.com/?p=11208</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/2010-07/msg00196.html Sun mingming 在GCCmaillist里发邮件，想要提交有关龙芯3A的patch。这样以后龙芯3A也可以直接用GCC了！ 相关文章： 前瞻-拿起SIMD的武器I 前瞻-拿起SIMD的武器II 前瞻-主流处理器中的数据并行支持(SIMD) 认识静态链接库 大尾端和小尾端 期待未来-一张趣图<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/2010-07/msg00196.html</p>
<p>Sun mingming 在GCCmaillist里发邮件，想要提交有关龙芯3A的patch。这样以后龙芯3A也可以直接用GCC了！</p>
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		<slash:comments>3</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>关于龙芯公司的小道消息</title>
		<link>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/08/15/11127/</link>
		<comments>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/08/15/11127/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Aug 2010 06:22:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>erlv</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[IT产业]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[华为]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[龙芯]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[大龙芯公司正在筹备中，听说要叫“中国龙芯公司”，不过因为带中国二字的名字需要国务院的审批，目前正在审批中。 龙芯公司现在的办公地点在中科院计算所原来的办公楼内(龙芯专卖店所在的那个楼)，北京对龙芯公司大力支持，分了一块地正在盖一个新园区&#8211;龙芯产业园，在北京环保园内，华为北研所基地也已经在这个环保园内动工。 龙芯公司现在大概有200多人。龙芯的成败就看龙芯三号了。龙芯公司现在也在大量招人，尤其是系统软件方面，如操作系统，编译器，工具链等等，详情请参见此页面 招贤纳士。 相关文章： 关于华为 南街村神话的破灭昭示了什么？ LLVM居然开始做广告了！ 龙芯N32系统上的Squirrelfish性能 淘宝code上线，局外人高兴一下 好大一筐梅普斯(MIPS)<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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                        <font size="-1" color="#333333" style="line-height: 1.65em; font-size: 12px !important;">GCC即将支持龙芯3A</font>
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>大龙芯公司正在筹备中，听说要叫“中国龙芯公司”，不过因为带中国二字的名字需要国务院的审批，目前正在审批中。</p>
<p>龙芯公司现在的办公地点在中科院计算所原来的办公楼内(龙芯专卖店所在的那个楼)，北京对龙芯公司大力支持，分了一块地正在盖一个新园区&#8211;龙芯产业园，在北京环保园内，华为北研所基地也已经在这个环保园内动工。</p>
<p>龙芯公司现在大概有200多人。龙芯的成败就看龙芯三号了。龙芯公司现在也在大量招人，尤其是系统软件方面，如操作系统，编译器，工具链等等，详情请参见此页面 <strong><a href="http://www.loongson.cn/hr.php?id=2&amp;sub=%D5%D0%CF%CD%C4%C9%CA%BF" target="_blank">招贤纳士</a>。</strong></p>
<p><strong><br />
</strong></p>
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		<slash:comments>5</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>webkit-龙小组成立</title>
		<link>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/07/10/11060/</link>
		<comments>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/07/10/11060/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 10 Jul 2010 02:56:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>erlv</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[IT职业和生活]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[main]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[JIT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[N32]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Squirrelfish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[webkit-龙]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[龙芯]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lingcc.com/?p=11060</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[自从龙芯N32系统上的Squirrelfish性能发布后，得到了很多朋友的支持，汇报最新进展： webkit-龙移植优化小组成立，dancefish和philip兄加入。dancefish兄对webkit在嵌入式系统上的移植和裁剪经验丰富，philip兄对webkit在andorid系统下的编译调试也有丰富经验。几番邮件交流之后,根据个人的兴趣爱好和实际工作，大致分了一下，dancefish和philip侧重webkit中的webcore部分，以及浏览器的验证。我将侧重JavaScript部分的JIT。这个分工只是大致而已。大家都是凭自己的热心兴趣在做。 webkit的现状：gentoo emerge的 webkit-qt,webkit-gtk现在能编译，运行能弹出浏览器框，但经常bus error崩溃。怀疑和这个bug有关。 机器问题:dancefish有机器，philip兄的机器，下周联系一下龙梦，看能否再给邮寄一台。 感谢zsc顾问提供的建议，解决了关于date的bug，现在squirrelfish的解释器只剩下一个 bug  ecma/Math/15.8.2.17.js. 感谢lei兄的建议，但最近从webkit svn库同步代码之后，我的龙芯小本在最后ld ../lib/libQtWebKit.so.4.8.0时报错final link failed:Bad value.所以没能尝试你的建议。 而且这个ld除了报fail link外再也没有其他任何错误提示。跟踪了一下内存使用情况，物理内存耗尽了，swap分区是开着的，但ld好像并没有使用swap分区。估计是因为这个原因导致的出错。 创建了webkit-ls的git 代码库。  http://gitorious.org/webkit-ls 相关文章： 龙芯N32系统上的Squirrelfish性能 WebKit和Firefox的JavaScript性能对比 宏和内联函数 拥有Nanojit龙芯后端的firefox发布(10年1月14日更新) 使用crossdev安装龙芯的O32 gnu交叉工具链 JIT Compiler and Virtual Machine SW Engineer for Web Browsers in Qualcomm<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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<li><a href='http://www.lingcc.com/2010/01/22/10668/' rel='bookmark' title='WebKit和Firefox的JavaScript性能对比'>WebKit和Firefox的JavaScript性能对比</a></li>
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<li><a href='http://www.lingcc.com/2009/12/24/10451/' rel='bookmark' title='拥有Nanojit龙芯后端的firefox发布(10年1月14日更新)'>拥有Nanojit龙芯后端的firefox发布(10年1月14日更新)</a></li>
<li><a href='http://www.lingcc.com/2010/01/07/10594/' rel='bookmark' title='使用crossdev安装龙芯的O32 gnu交叉工具链'>使用crossdev安装龙芯的O32 gnu交叉工具链</a></li>
<li><a href='http://www.lingcc.com/2011/10/09/11773/' rel='bookmark' title='JIT Compiler and Virtual Machine SW Engineer for Web Browsers in Qualcomm'>JIT Compiler and Virtual Machine SW Engineer for Web Browsers in Qualcomm</a></li>
</ul>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>自从<a title="Permalink to 龙芯N32系统上的Squirrelfish性能" rel="bookmark" href="http://www.lingcc.com/2010/06/28/10983/">龙芯N32系统上的Squirrelfish性能</a>发布后，得到了很多朋友的支持，汇报最新进展：</p>
<ol>
<li>webkit-龙移植优化小组成立，dancefish和philip兄加入。dancefish兄对webkit在嵌入式系统上的移植和裁剪经验丰富，philip兄对webkit在andorid系统下的编译调试也有丰富经验。几番邮件交流之后,根据个人的兴趣爱好和实际工作，大致分了一下，dancefish和philip侧重webkit中的webcore部分，以及浏览器的验证。我将侧重JavaScript部分的JIT。这个分工只是大致而已。大家都是凭自己的热心兴趣在做。<span id="more-11060"></span></li>
<li>webkit的现状：gentoo emerge的 webkit-qt,webkit-gtk现在能编译，运行能弹出浏览器框，但经常bus error崩溃。怀疑和<a href="https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=19946" target="_blank">这个bug</a>有关。</li>
<li>机器问题:dancefish有机器，philip兄的机器，下周联系一下龙梦，看能否再给邮寄一台。</li>
<li>感谢zsc顾问提供的建议，解决了关于date的bug，现在squirrelfish的解释器只剩下一个 bug  ecma/Math/15.8.2.17.js.</li>
<li>感谢lei兄的建议，但最近从webkit svn库同步代码之后，我的龙芯小本在最后ld ../lib/libQtWebKit.so.4.8.0时报错final link failed:Bad value.所以没能尝试你的建议。 而且这个ld除了报fail link外再也没有其他任何错误提示。跟踪了一下内存使用情况，物理内存耗尽了，swap分区是开着的，但ld好像并没有使用swap分区。估计是因为这个原因导致的出错。</li>
<li>创建了webkit-ls的git 代码库。  <a href="http://gitorious.org/webkit-ls">http://gitorious.org/webkit-ls</a></li>
</ol>
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</ul></p>]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>19</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>龙芯中科公司招聘JAVA虚拟机开发工程师</title>
		<link>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/07/09/11055/</link>
		<comments>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/07/09/11055/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 09 Jul 2010 03:34:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>erlv</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[IT职业和生活]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[编译器相关招聘信息]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[JAVA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MIPS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[虚拟机]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[龙芯]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lingcc.com/?p=11055</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[发信人: css5200 (css), 信区: CSArch 标 题: 北京龙芯中科技术服务有限公司招聘 发信站: 水木社区 (Fri Jul 9 11:14:05 2010), 站内 招聘职位：Java虚拟机开发工程师 工作地点：北京 专业要求：计算机或电子等相关专业 学历：本科 职责范围： Java虚拟机移植、调试与性能优化。 职位要求： 1、计算机或电子等相关专业本科及以上学历 2、英文较好，4 级以上或口语优秀者优先 3、熟悉操作系统、处理器架构基本工作原理，熟悉MIPS架构者优先 4、具有Java应用程序的开发经验 5、熟悉Jdk的工作原理，熟悉OpenJdk的代码结构，有Java虚拟机相关开发移植工作者优先 6、熟悉Linux操作系统，熟悉Linux源代码 7、较强的C/C++/Java 、汇编编程能力，有丰富编程经验 8、具有软件工程基本思想和素质，编程习惯、风格良好 9、有上述技术项目应用经验者优先 10、具有良好的沟通能力和团队合作精神，责任心强，积极主动，学习能力强 有意者发送简历至 caisongsong@loongson.cn &#8211; ※ 来源:·水木社区 http://newsmth.net·[FROM: 159.226.43.*] 相关文章： MNC need compiler expert JAVA虚拟机入门 (转载)我是如何借鉴IEEE写好科技论文的 JIT Compiler and Virtual Machine SW <a href='http://www.lingcc.com/2010/07/09/11055/'>[...]</a><table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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<li><a href='http://www.lingcc.com/2010/06/28/10983/' rel='bookmark' title='龙芯N32系统上的Squirrelfish性能'>龙芯N32系统上的Squirrelfish性能</a></li>
<li><a href='http://www.lingcc.com/2010/02/26/10701/' rel='bookmark' title='大尾端和小尾端'>大尾端和小尾端</a></li>
</ul>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>发信人: css5200 (css), 信区: CSArch<br />
标  题: 北京龙芯中科技术服务有限公司招聘<br />
发信站: 水木社区 (Fri Jul  9 11:14:05 2010), 站内<br />
招聘职位：Java虚拟机开发工程师<br />
工作地点：北京<br />
专业要求：计算机或电子等相关专业<br />
学历：本科<br />
职责范围：<br />
Java虚拟机移植、调试与性能优化。<br />
职位要求：<br />
1、计算机或电子等相关专业本科及以上学历<br />
2、英文较好，4 级以上或口语优秀者优先<br />
3、熟悉操作系统、处理器架构基本工作原理，熟悉MIPS架构者优先<br />
4、具有Java应用程序的开发经验<br />
5、熟悉Jdk的工作原理，熟悉OpenJdk的代码结构，有Java虚拟机相关开发移植工作者优先<br />
6、熟悉Linux操作系统，熟悉Linux源代码<br />
7、较强的C/C++/Java 、汇编编程能力，有丰富编程经验<br />
8、具有软件工程基本思想和素质，编程习惯、风格良好<br />
9、有上述技术项目应用经验者优先<br />
10、具有良好的沟通能力和团队合作精神，责任心强，积极主动，学习能力强<br />
有意者发送简历至 caisongsong@loongson.cn<br />
&#8211;<br />
※ 来源:·水木社区 http://newsmth.net·[FROM: 159.226.43.*]</p>
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		</item>
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		<title>龙芯N32系统上的Squirrelfish性能</title>
		<link>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/06/28/10983/</link>
		<comments>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/06/28/10983/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 28 Jun 2010 08:58:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>erlv</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[IT职业和生活]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[main]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[chromium]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[JIT]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MIPS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[N32]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Squirrelfish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sunspider]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[WebKit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[webkit-龙]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[开源]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[龙芯]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[缘起：写这篇文章因为报名参加了龙芯开源软件大赛，项目是《Webkit-龙》,把webkit移植到龙芯N32系统上，起初是想做chromium的移植。但在起步的过程中，发现一是Google的V8引擎，对mips的支持基本处于不可用状态，而且chromium为了追求性能，使用的方式太过灵巧，如Native client(Google的野心–Native Client+LLVM),凭自己的一己之力，靠业余时间，很难完成，只好先做webkit了。 Squirrelfish 是Webkit的Javascript引擎。针对龙芯平台(MIPS)已经有了JIT支持，但仅仅对O32系统才有，本博曾经介绍过相关内容（WebKit和Firefox的JavaScript性能对比）。 切入正题，N32系统下，龙芯平台上，Sunspider性能测试结果如下： ============================================ RESULTS (means and 95% confidence intervals) -------------------------------------------- Total: 9125.6ms +/- 0.1% -------------------------------------------- 3d: 1058.6ms +/- 0.2% cube: 326.9ms +/- 0.1% morph: 380.9ms +/- 0.6% raytrace: 350.8ms +/- 0.1% access: 1441.2ms +/- 0.1% binary-trees: 108.4ms +/- 0.3% fannkuch: 829.2ms +/- 0.2% nbody: 249.0ms +/- 0.0% nsieve: 254.6ms +/- 0.4% <a href='http://www.lingcc.com/2010/06/28/10983/'>[...]</a><table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>缘起：写这篇文章因为报名参加了龙芯开源软件大赛，项目是《Webkit-龙》,把webkit移植到龙芯N32系统上，起初是想做chromium的移植。但在起步的过程中，发现一是Google的V8引擎，对mips的支持基本处于不可用状态，而且chromium为了追求性能，使用的方式太过灵巧，如Native client(<a title="Permalink to  Google的野心–Native Client+LLVM" rel="bookmark" href="http://www.lingcc.com/2010/06/02/10955/">Google的野心–Native  Client+LLVM</a>),凭自己的一己之力，靠业余时间，很难完成，只好先做webkit了。</p>
<p><a href="http://trac.webkit.org/wiki/SquirrelFish" target="_blank">Squirrelfish</a> 是Webkit的Javascript引擎。针对龙芯平台(MIPS)已经有了JIT支持，但仅仅对O32系统才有，本博曾经介绍过相关内容（<a href="http://www.lingcc.com/2010/01/22/10668/" target="_blank">WebKit和Firefox的JavaScript性能对比</a>）。<span id="more-10983"></span></p>
<p>切入正题，N32系统下，龙芯平台上，Sunspider性能测试结果如下：<br />
<code><br />
============================================<br />
RESULTS (means and 95% confidence intervals)<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
Total:                  9125.6ms +/- 0.1%<br />
--------------------------------------------<br />
3d:                   1058.6ms +/- 0.2%<br />
cube:                326.9ms +/- 0.1%<br />
morph:               380.9ms +/- 0.6%<br />
raytrace:            350.8ms +/- 0.1%<br />
access:               1441.2ms +/- 0.1%<br />
binary-trees:        108.4ms +/- 0.3%<br />
fannkuch:            829.2ms +/- 0.2%<br />
nbody:               249.0ms +/- 0.0%<br />
nsieve:              254.6ms +/- 0.4%<br />
bitops:               1088.6ms +/- 0.2%<br />
3bit-bits-in-byte:   196.2ms +/- 0.3%<br />
bits-in-byte:        250.1ms +/- 0.2%<br />
bitwise-and:         224.9ms +/- 0.3%<br />
nsieve-bits:         417.4ms +/- 0.3%<br />
controlflow:           138.2ms +/- 0.2%<br />
recursive:           138.2ms +/- 0.2%<br />
crypto:                621.5ms +/- 0.1%<br />
aes:                 323.0ms +/- 0.1%<br />
md5:                 145.3ms +/- 0.2%<br />
sha1:                153.2ms +/- 0.3%<br />
date:                  523.6ms +/- 0.6%<br />
format-tofte:        302.4ms +/- 0.6%<br />
format-xparb:        221.2ms +/- 1.3%<br />
math:                  931.3ms +/- 0.1%<br />
cordic:              356.0ms +/- 0.2%<br />
partial-sums:        324.5ms +/- 0.1%<br />
spectral-norm:       250.8ms +/- 0.2%<br />
regexp:               1681.6ms +/- 0.1%<br />
dna:                1681.6ms +/- 0.1%<br />
string:               1641.0ms +/- 0.2%<br />
base64:              232.9ms +/- 0.2%<br />
fasta:               261.9ms +/- 0.2%<br />
tagcloud:            394.9ms +/- 0.2%<br />
unpack-code:         525.2ms +/- 0.2%<br />
validate-input:      226.1ms +/- 0.7%</code></p>
<p>与O32系统的性能相比：9125ms vs 6355ms，慢了一半。一个原因是N32现在没有JIT支持。</p>
<p>正确性方面，使用webkit的 Javascript测试集测试。有7个例子出错：<br />
<code><br />
ecma/Date/15.9.5.14.js<br />
ecma/Date/15.9.5.28-1.js<br />
ecma/Date/15.9.5.29-1.js<br />
ecma/Date/15.9.5.31-1.js<br />
ecma/Date/15.9.5.34-1.js<br />
ecma/Date/15.9.5.35-1.js<br />
ecma/Math/15.8.2.17.js</code></p>
<p>WebKit-龙项目方面：</p>
<ul>
<li>主要优化JavaScript引擎，</li>
<li>现在WebKit虽然能编译，但运行还会报错：</li>
</ul>
<p><code>Can't find built framework at "/root/WebKit/WebKitBuild/Release/lib/libQtWebKit.so".</code></p>
<ul>
<li>这个项目刚刚启动，欢迎加入</li>
</ul>
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		<slash:comments>18</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>龙芯电脑常见问题</title>
		<link>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/05/05/10894/</link>
		<comments>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/05/05/10894/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 May 2010 12:50:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>erlv</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[IT职业和生活]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux系统]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[root密码多少？ loongson 如何添加新用户？ adduser username 怎么修改IP？ vim /etc/network/interfaces 如何重启网络？ /etc/init.d/networking restart 如何启动ssh？ /etc/init.d/ssh start 为啥root账户在/目录下修改，都提示 read only filesystem？因为根分区在挂载时以只读挂载.可以执行 mount / -o remount,rw. 如果以后都想要root在/下可写，可以修改/etc/init.d/discover，把倒数第二行mount的命令注掉即可。 如何修改默认启动项？到/etc/rc2.d/目录下，S开头的文件都是正常启动时要开启的，删除该文件，则不会启动。如果想添加启动项，将/etc/init.d/下的对应启动项做个软链接到/etc/rc2.d/下即可，链接文件名要S开头,加两位数字，加名称，两位数字代表启动顺序，启动时按照从小到大启动。 如何进入pmon命令行，不一样的机器不一样，看看启动时的提示，如果没有提示，试试DEL键，空格键，F12键 为啥我的pmon不自动加载boot.cfg,而是直接启动了某个默认内核？因为pmon可以设置直接启动某个内核。具体的设置可以在pmon命令行中输入set al+回车 可以查看装载的内核，set karg 查看内核启动参数。这些和boot.cfg中的kernel和args两行的作用相同。如果想修改之，可以使用set al +/dev/fs/…/vmlinx的形式直接覆盖原来的参数，也可以使用eset al修改之，注意执行eset al之后，记得按向右方向键，以便看到完整的参数。set karg也一样。 有办法让pmon设置加载boot.cfg文件吗？肯定有，因为既然能从加载boot.cfg设置为自动载入内核，就肯定能设置回去。不过抱歉，我还不知道怎么设置。更换pmon？ 命令行时，VIM或者其他命令执行时，命令提示老是输出方块/中文，怎么改成英文？export LC_ALL=C ; export LC_LANG=C. 因为系统默认的是中文环境。如果想以后都改成英文，并对所有用户有效，修改/etc/profile将最后几个变量的”zh_CN.UTF-8&#8243;改为C 为何每次ssh连接到某台机器时，都要等上几秒才能提示输入密码？这是因为ssh服务器端会反向查找DNS，可以修改服务器端/etc/hosts，增加cliet的ip地址。这样就快了。 相关文章： 走进Debian和Gentoo中的系统初始化过程 为龙芯电脑安装操作系统常见问题 export命令有何玄机 暴力了一把 How start_kernel get start? 最近用hg的一点记录<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<ol>
<li>root密码多少？ loongson</li>
<li>如何添加新用户？ adduser username</li>
<li>怎么修改IP？ vim /etc/network/interfaces</li>
<li>如何重启网络？ /etc/init.d/networking restart</li>
<li>如何启动ssh？ /etc/init.d/ssh start</li>
<li>为啥root账户在/目录下修改，都提示 read only filesystem？因为根分区在挂载时以只读挂载.可以执行 mount / -o remount,rw. 如果以后都想要root在/下可写，可以修改/etc/init.d/discover，把倒数第二行mount的命令注掉即可。<span id="more-10894"></span></li>
<li>如何修改默认启动项？到/etc/rc2.d/目录下，S开头的文件都是正常启动时要开启的，删除该文件，则不会启动。如果想添加启动项，将/etc/init.d/下的对应启动项做个软链接到/etc/rc2.d/下即可，链接文件名要S开头,加两位数字，加名称，两位数字代表启动顺序，启动时按照从小到大启动。</li>
<li>如何进入pmon命令行，不一样的机器不一样，看看启动时的提示，如果没有提示，试试DEL键，空格键，F12键</li>
<li>为啥我的pmon不自动加载boot.cfg,而是直接启动了某个默认内核？因为pmon可以设置直接启动某个内核。具体的设置可以在pmon命令行中输入set al+回车 可以查看装载的内核，set karg 查看内核启动参数。这些和boot.cfg中的kernel和args两行的作用相同。如果想修改之，可以使用set al +/dev/fs/…/vmlinx的形式直接覆盖原来的参数，也可以使用eset al修改之，注意执行eset al之后，记得按向右方向键，以便看到完整的参数。set karg也一样。</li>
<li>有办法让pmon设置加载boot.cfg文件吗？肯定有，因为既然能从加载boot.cfg设置为自动载入内核，就肯定能设置回去。不过抱歉，我还不知道怎么设置。更换pmon？</li>
<li>命令行时，VIM或者其他命令执行时，命令提示老是输出方块/中文，怎么改成英文？export LC_ALL=C ; export LC_LANG=C. 因为系统默认的是中文环境。如果想以后都改成英文，并对所有用户有效，修改/etc/profile将最后几个变量的”zh_CN.UTF-8&#8243;改为C</li>
<li>为何每次ssh连接到某台机器时，都要等上几秒才能提示输入密码？这是因为ssh服务器端会反向查找DNS，可以修改服务器端/etc/hosts，增加cliet的ip地址。这样就快了。</li>
</ol>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
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		<title>为龙芯电脑安装操作系统常见问题</title>
		<link>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/03/25/10717/</link>
		<comments>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/03/25/10717/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 25 Mar 2010 13:20:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>erlv</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[编译技术]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[console]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[debian]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fdisk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gentoo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MIPS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[N32]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[N64]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[O32]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pmon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rescue]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[成功]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[操作系统 Operating system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[链接]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[龙芯]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.lingcc.com/?p=10717</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[本博在实际工作中，曾经安装过不少龙芯电脑的系统，可谓稍有经验，这里略微介绍一些常见问题。 内核通用吗？一般龙芯2F使用MIPSIII的指令级，内核格式都为64位的文件。所以不管时O32系统还是N32系统，只要硬件相同都是通用的，不过别忘了连同/lib/modules 和/lib/firmware一起使用：） 龙芯到底有多少种系统？很多，按照ABI分为3类：O32，N32，N64.O32是出厂时自带的系统，一般龙芯盒子中的华镭，龙芯本中的loonux、红旗和龙芯一体机中的共创都是O32系统。这类系统基本都是在debian的基础上做做山寨化。当然也有英文版的debian系统，这个比较干净一些。对于O32的系统，源的问题最头疼，因为各个公司画地为牢，大家都努力维护自己的源，又都缺人手，所以都不完美，试了几个都不太好，装着装着就会出依赖问题，除非一直跟着升级，不然一次apt-get dist-upgrade，那简直是噩梦。N32的系统，zhllg基于Gentoo的已经有了，龙芯论坛里就能找到下载链接。因为Gentoo是自己直接编译，问题相对少些。debian的还没有。N64的系统，有憨牛LFS的，没有试过。至于为啥会有这么多系统，得问问MIPS，因为有不少改进，就产生了不少问题。请参考本博&#60;好大一筐梅普斯&#62;.N32系统据说比O32快20%-30%。因为龙芯本身是64位处理器，所以64位系统也没问题. 龙芯系统好装吗？好装！虽然咱们做的系统很山寨，但咱们的易用性很牛。官方提供了很多中安装和还原方式，硬盘，U盘和网络样样都行，很简单。只要下载一个rescue的内核，就能启动一个迷你的linux系统，有些小命令可以跑，接着再找你想要的系统，下载，解压到龙芯电脑的硬盘上即可。方便快捷，想装N32 就去下gentoo系统，想装O32就去下debian. Android都能装了。北京龙芯俱乐部的FTP里有各种OS，找最新的下就行了。文后有链接地址：） 为啥我的U盘识别不了？呵呵，问题不大，如果你已经确定按照相关步骤执行，并且U盘确实已经插进USB口，还有问题的话，那就换个U盘。因为PMON可能对部分U盘不识别，而且最好把U盘格式化成ext3格式的.pmon的时候可以执行devls，看看有没有usb设备。 装龙芯系统要几步？基本是三四步的样子，load内核，g+内核启动参数启动系统，再解压新系统。龙梦出厂的很多电脑都自带了还原功能，如果你还没有把它折腾坏的话，那就用还原吧。 fdisk对龙芯电脑上的硬盘做了分区，无法启动了咋办？这是我遇到的一个问题。龙芯电脑上本地的系统中对不用的几个分区用fdisk操作，之后重启，发现直接找不到wd0.很可能是硬盘分区表没有写对。这时候最好的方式是想办法再正确的执行一次fdisk。我的解决方法是，找了一个正常系统的内核，启动之，给内核的参数中指定根目录，系统成功启动，再执行了一次fdisk，做了几个小修改，保存，再重启就没问题了。至于为啥换个内核，指定根目录就能启动了，呵呵我也不太清除。 N32的Gentoo系统下载的是带x版本的，但是启动时报错：Warning:unable to open an initial console，然后就卡住了，怎么办？这是因为linux系统中有文件没办法做到压缩包中，需要手动mknod创建。执行下列命令就ok了。 mknod -m 600 dev/console c 5 1 mknod -m 666 dev/null c 1 3 cp -a dev/{console,null} lib/udev/devices/ 请参考一下网址： ftp://www.bjlx.org.cn/  （北京龙芯的ftp，所有的系统都能在这里下载到) http://bbs.lemote.com/redirect.php?tid=25756&#38;goto=lastpost （Gentoo N32系统讨论贴) http://bbs.lemote.com/viewthread.php?tid=4237&#38;extra=page%3D2 (憨牛N64系统讨论贴) http://dev.lemote.com/drupal/book/export/html/62  （操作系统安装方法) 相关文章： WebKit和Firefox的JavaScript性能对比 拥有Nanojit龙芯后端的firefox发布(10年1月14日更新) GCC初窥 用crossdev装龙芯的n32 gnu交叉工具链 使用crossdev安装龙芯的O32 gnu交叉工具链 小例子&#8211;回眸一笑百媚生<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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</ul>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>本博在实际工作中，曾经安装过不少龙芯电脑的系统，可谓稍有经验，这里略微介绍一些常见问题。</p>
<ol>
<li>内核通用吗？一般龙芯2F使用MIPSIII的指令级，内核格式都为64位的文件。所以不管时O32系统还是N32系统，只要硬件相同都是通用的，不过别忘了连同/lib/modules 和/lib/firmware一起使用：）</li>
<li>龙芯到底有多少种系统？很多，按照ABI分为3类：O32，N32，N64.O32是出厂时自带的系统，一般龙芯盒子中的华镭，龙芯本中的loonux、红旗和龙芯一体机中的共创都是O32系统。这类系统基本都是在debian的基础上做做山寨化。当然也有英文版的debian系统，这个比较干净一些。对于O32的系统，源的问题最头疼，因为各个公司画地为牢，大家都努力维护自己的源，又都缺人手，所以都不完美，试了几个都不太好，装着装着就会出依赖问题，除非一直跟着升级，不然一次apt-get dist-upgrade，那简直是噩梦。N32的系统，zhllg基于Gentoo的已经有了，龙芯论坛里就能找到下载链接。因为Gentoo是自己直接编译，问题相对少些。debian的还没有。N64的系统，有憨牛LFS的，没有试过。至于为啥会有这么多系统，得问问MIPS，因为有不少改进，就产生了不少问题。请参考本博<a href="../../../02/25/10698/" target="_blank">&lt;好大一筐梅普斯&gt;</a>.N32系统据说比O32快20%-30%。因为龙芯本身是64位处理器，所以64位系统也没问题.</li>
<p><span id="more-10717"></span></p>
<li>龙芯系统好装吗？好装！虽然咱们做的系统很山寨，但咱们的易用性很牛。官方提供了很多中安装和还原方式，硬盘，U盘和网络样样都行，很简单。只要下载一个rescue的内核，就能启动一个迷你的linux系统，有些小命令可以跑，接着再找你想要的系统，下载，解压到龙芯电脑的硬盘上即可。方便快捷，想装N32 就去下gentoo系统，想装O32就去下debian. Android都能装了。北京龙芯俱乐部的FTP里有各种OS，找最新的下就行了。文后有链接地址：）</li>
<li>为啥我的U盘识别不了？呵呵，问题不大，如果你已经确定按照相关步骤执行，并且U盘确实已经插进USB口，还有问题的话，那就换个U盘。因为PMON可能对部分U盘不识别，而且最好把U盘格式化成ext3格式的.pmon的时候可以执行devls，看看有没有usb设备。</li>
<li>装龙芯系统要几步？基本是三四步的样子，load内核，g+内核启动参数启动系统，再解压新系统。龙梦出厂的很多电脑都自带了还原功能，如果你还没有把它折腾坏的话，那就用还原吧。</li>
<li>fdisk对龙芯电脑上的硬盘做了分区，无法启动了咋办？这是我遇到的一个问题。龙芯电脑上本地的系统中对不用的几个分区用fdisk操作，之后重启，发现直接找不到wd0.很可能是硬盘分区表没有写对。这时候最好的方式是想办法再正确的执行一次fdisk。我的解决方法是，找了一个正常系统的内核，启动之，给内核的参数中指定根目录，系统成功启动，再执行了一次fdisk，做了几个小修改，保存，再重启就没问题了。至于为啥换个内核，指定根目录就能启动了，呵呵我也不太清除。</li>
<li>N32的Gentoo系统下载的是带x版本的，但是启动时报错：Warning:unable to open an initial console，然后就卡住了，怎么办？这是因为linux系统中有文件没办法做到压缩包中，需要手动mknod创建。执行下列命令就ok了。</li>
<p><strong>mknod -m 600 dev/console c 5 1<br />
mknod -m 666 dev/null c 1 3<br />
cp -a dev/{console,null} lib/udev/devices/</strong></ol>
<div><strong>请参考一下网址：</strong></div>
<div><strong>ftp://www.bjlx.org.cn/  （北京龙芯的ftp，所有的系统都能在这里下载到)</strong></div>
<div><strong>http://bbs.lemote.com/redirect.php?tid=25756&amp;goto=lastpost （Gentoo N32系统讨论贴)</strong></div>
<div><strong>http://bbs.lemote.com/viewthread.php?tid=4237&amp;extra=page%3D2 (憨牛N64系统讨论贴)</strong></div>
<div><strong>http://dev.lemote.com/drupal/book/export/html/62  （操作系统安装方法)</strong></div>
<div><strong><br />
</strong></div>
<div><strong><br />
</strong></div>
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		</item>
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		<title>大尾端和小尾端</title>
		<link>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/02/26/10701/</link>
		<comments>http://www.lingcc.com/2010/02/26/10701/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 26 Feb 2010 13:52:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>erlv</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[编译技术]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CPU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gcc]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[MIPS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[x86]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[大尾端]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[小尾端]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[虚拟机]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[龙芯]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[大尾端(big endian)和小尾端(little endian)的问题类似于写字时是从右往左写还是从左往右写的问题。说起来不难，但是在计算机世界中，我们必须要规定采用哪种形式，而并无优劣之分，所以演变到现在，就既有大尾又有小尾.X86就是小尾的，龙芯也用的小尾，早期的MIPS使用的是大尾端,这决定了访存的方向问题。 精确的讲，大尾端和小尾端的区别是系统里整数是从右往左表示还是从左往右表示。表示的不同就意味着重要性不同的位位置不同，大尾端从左往右表示，那么权重大的字节在左边即在低地址处，而小尾端相反。不管时处理器，虚拟机还是网路协议都需要规定大小尾端问题。 如图是X86的存储形式，若大小尾端混用，则会一团糟。 对于网络协议，大小尾端必须统一，我们的TCP/IP使用大尾端，也就是说所有电脑的网络端口都要是大尾端，对于电脑CPU是大尾端的，无须太多处理；但若是小尾端的机器，则需要在接受报文时做转换，幸好已经有比较高效的宏来实现，使得这种转换无须太多代价。宏定义如下，实现字节重拍序. #if defined(BIG_ENDIAN) &#038;&#038; !defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN) #define htons(A) (A) #define htonl(A) (A) #define ntohs(A) (A) #define ntohl(A) (A) #elif defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN) &#038;&#038; !defined(BIG_ENDIAN) #define htons(A) ((((uint16_t)(A) &#038; 0xff00) >> 8) &#124; \ (((uint16_t)(A) &#038; 0x00ff) > 24) &#124; \ (((uint32_t)(A) &#038; 0x00ff0000) >> 8) &#124; \ (((uint32_t)(A) &#038; 0x0000ff00) 相关文章： 小例子&#8211;回眸一笑百媚生 WebKit和Firefox的JavaScript性能对比 <a href='http://www.lingcc.com/2010/02/26/10701/'>[...]</a><table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>大尾端(big endian)和小尾端(little endian)的问题类似于写字时是从右往左写还是从左往右写的问题。说起来不难，但是在计算机世界中，我们必须要规定采用哪种形式，而并无优劣之分，所以演变到现在，就既有大尾又有小尾.X86就是小尾的，龙芯也用的小尾，早期的MIPS使用的是大尾端,这决定了访存的方向问题。</p>
<p>精确的讲，大尾端和小尾端的区别是系统里整数是从右往左表示还是从左往右表示。表示的不同就意味着重要性不同的位位置不同，大尾端从左往右表示，那么权重大的字节在左边即在低地址处，而小尾端相反。不管时处理器，虚拟机还是网路协议都需要规定大小尾端问题。<br />
如图是X86的存储形式，若大小尾端混用，则会一团糟。</p>
<p><a href="http://www.lingcc.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/L_EndiannessFigure1.gif"><img class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-10702" title="L_EndiannessFigure1" src="http://www.lingcc.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/L_EndiannessFigure1-300x45.gif" alt="" width="300" height="45" /></a><br />
<span id="more-10701"></span><br />
对于网络协议，大小尾端必须统一，我们的TCP/IP使用大尾端，也就是说所有电脑的网络端口都要是大尾端，对于电脑CPU是大尾端的，无须太多处理；但若是小尾端的机器，则需要在接受报文时做转换，幸好已经有比较高效的宏来实现，使得这种转换无须太多代价。宏定义如下，实现字节重拍序.</p>
<p><code><br />
#if defined(BIG_ENDIAN) &#038;&#038; !defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN)</p>
<p>  #define htons(A) (A)<br />
  #define htonl(A) (A)<br />
  #define ntohs(A) (A)<br />
  #define ntohl(A) (A)</p>
<p>#elif defined(LITTLE_ENDIAN) &#038;&#038; !defined(BIG_ENDIAN)</p>
<p>  #define htons(A) ((((uint16_t)(A) &#038; 0xff00) >> 8) | \<br />
                    (((uint16_t)(A) &#038; 0x00ff) << 8))<br />
  #define htonl(A) ((((uint32_t)(A) &#038; 0xff000000) >> 24) | \<br />
                    (((uint32_t)(A) &#038; 0x00ff0000) >> 8)  | \<br />
                    (((uint32_t)(A) &#038; 0x0000ff00) << 8)  | \<br />
                    (((uint32_t)(A) &#038; 0x000000ff) << 24))</p>
<p>  #define ntohs  htons<br />
  #define ntohl  htonl</p>
<p>#else</p>
<p>  #error "Must define one of BIG_ENDIAN or LITTLE_ENDIAN"</p>
<p>#endif</code></p>
<p>参考</p>
<p>http://www.netrino.com/Embedded-Systems/How-To/Big-Endian-Little-Endian</p>
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